Abstract： Any sealing ring shall be able to effectively instantly convert a loading pressure on it into its sealing stress orthogonal to the pressure. For example, any self-sealing ring for opposing faces shall be able to exactly instantly convert a fluid pressure on its cylindrical surface into its sealing stress on its end faces. Firstly, what can effectively instantly performs the conversion is either a rigid wedge or a closed liquid; secondly, a common substance, with a Poissons ratio ranging from 0 to 0.5, has both some solid behavior and some liquid behavior, and the substance whose Poissons ratio value more approaches 0.5 more has full liquid behavior and volumes incompressibility and is abler to effectively instantly finish the conversion; thirdly, Poissons ratio is the substances orthogonal strain ratio of its non-loading direction to its loading direction, and compensable; fourthly, a different substance has a different Poissons ratio lagging behind its stress under a different temperature and a different stress; and hence any cavity for sealing rings, no matter how great their Poissons ratio at room temperature is, shall have such a compensating ability to result in the ring therein having a Poisons deformability of 0.5 ratio on being under pressure as to effectively instantly finish the orthogonal conversion of a loading pressure into a sealing stress.

Abstract： The article presents (on February 13, 2018 after the final correction of the article) the confirmed validity of the cosmic energy gravitational genesis of the strongest Japanese (for 2015 and 2016), Italian (for 2016), Greek (for 2017), Chinese (for 2008 and 2017) and Chilean (for 2015 and 2016) earthquakes related with the extreme (maximal and minimal, respectively) combined integral energy gravitational influences (in accordance with the established in 2012 global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principles of the cosmic seismology) on the internal rigid core of the Earth (and on the Earth as a whole) of the planets (Mercury, Venus, Mars and Jupiter) and the Sun due to the gravitational interactions of the Sun with Jupiter Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. We have shown that the first direct detection of gravitational waves (on September 14, 2015) is located between the calculated date 2015.6833 (corresponding approximately to September 6, 2015 of the maximal (in 2015) combined planetary and solar integral energy gravitational influence on the internal rigid core of the Earth) and the date (September 16, 2015 according to the U.S. Geological Survey) of the strongest (in 2015 according to the U.S. Geological Survey) 8.3-magnitude Chilean earthquake (realized near 10 days after the date 2015.6833).

Abstract： Although the perspective for nearby objects in the hyperbolic space is very nearly identical to Euclidean space (i.e. the Universe locally is approximately flat consistent with local observations), the apparent angular size of distant objects falls off much more rapidly, in fact exponentially. The Universe globally is hyperbolic as we did prove mathematically. The current observed density of the Universe =1031g/cm3 is consistent with a hyperbolic open universe. The hyperbolic universe consists of zero cosmological constant. The hyperbolic universe doesn`t need Dark Energy to account for the accelerated expansion. The Hyperbolic Universe grows exponentially preserves a legitimate inflation covers the current observed large structure 1.3x1028cm. The equation of state of cosmologyp=-ρ is a property of the hyperbolic structure of the hyperbolic universe. We calculated the Hubble constant due to the Hyperbolic Universe, H=72.34 [(Km/sec)/Mpc].

Abstract： With the improvement of people’s living standards and the development of economies, heat pumps have become widely used for air conditioning. The driver to this was that environmental problems associated with the use of refrigeration equipment, the ozone layer depletion and global warming are increasingly becoming the main concerns in developed and developing countries alike. With development and enlargement of the cities in cold regions, the conventional heating methods can severely pollute the environment. In order to clean the cities, the governments drew many measures to restrict citizen heating by burning coal and oil and encourage them to use electric or gas-burning heating. New approaches are being studied and solar-assisted reversible absorption heat pump for small power applications using water-ammonia is under development. Therefore, promoting innovative renewable energy applications including the ground source energy may contribute to preservation of the ecosystem by reducing emissions at local and global levels. This will also contribute to the amelioration of environmental conditions by replacing conventional fuels with renewable energies that produce no air pollution or the greenhouse gases (GHGs). An approach is needed to integrate renewable energies in a way to achieve high building performance standards. However, because renewable energy sources are stochastic and geographically diffuse, their ability to match demand is determined by the adoption of one of the following two approaches: the utilisation of a capture area greater than that occupied by the community to be supplied, or the reduction of the community’s energy demands to a level commensurate with the locally available renewable resources. The GSHP applications are one of three categories of geothermal energy resources as defined by ASHRAE and include high-temperature (>150°C) for electric power production, intermediate temperature (<150°C) for direct-use applications and GSHP applications (generally (<32°C). The GSHP applications are distinguished from the others by the fact that they operate at relatively low temperatures.