The global elderly population is increasing year by year and the issue of ageing for the elderly has become a hot topic of concern in all walks of life. Researchers in the direction of landscaping have confirmed that green spaces affect the life and health of the elderly. The retired elderly are more dependent on the outdoor landscape environment, which is the main place for socialising, fitness and recreation. Age-appropriate landscapes for the elderly are of relevance. Accordingly, the subject proposes age-appropriate landscape design strategies for the elderly in five aspects: visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory and taste, after analysing three aspects: physical health, mental health and social health. It provides a reference for the design of age-appropriate recreational landscape.

Traditional villages record historical memories, which have unique regional spatial characteristics and humanistic values. They represent the process and result of human interaction with the natural environment. However, at present, most traditional villages are facing development difficulties, and new demands are put forward for the space of traditional villages, which not only need the improvement of practical functional materials, but also need the inheritance of cultural spirit. In this paper, the former Fenxi village in Fujian Province was studied. First of all, the landscape pattern genes, architectural genes and cultural genes of the village were sorted and analyzed from the perspective of spatial genes. Secondly the current difficulties were summarized. Thirdly, according to the extracted gene characteristics, the locality of spatial developments were considered. Finally put forward the development strategy of the village through three aspects of space pattern development, space vitality improvement, and space culture inheritance, in order to achieve high-quality sustainable development of Qianfenxi Village in terms of space activation, cultural inheritance, etc.

As building materials, stone is almost as old as human history. The advantages of ecological environment protection and low energy consumption of stone make it an ideal building decoration material. It can not only meet people’s requirements for building appearance and interior decoration, but also purify the air, beautify the environment and reduce vibration and noise. For this reason, people feel that they have a strong connection with the stone. Western countries use stone to build memorial buildings, creating an architectural history formed by stone. Oriental stone, as a part of the landscape garden, appears in a more natural state in the vision of human beings, symbolizing people’s pursuit of noble character. Just like the Chinese garden elements “mountain, water and stone,” “stone” is integrated into the entire natural environment as an element of the landscape. With the increase of peoples aesthetic demand for architecture, stone materials also affect the creation of contemporary architectural environment in a new form. It expresses a natural artistic conception through architecture, and also conveys a response to traditional culture and a poetic expression of modern architectural aesthetics.

Gardens and landscape architecture are interdependent, and Chinese classical gardens have formed a unique artistic style. The respect and appreciation of nature in Chinese culture inspired the builders of classical gardens, which refined, summarized and typified the natural scenery and created an art form that integrated with real life and harmonious between man and nature. Through the analysis of Chinese classical architecture and gardens, the author draws the essence of Chinese classical garden culture and creates new gardens with more characteristics of The Times.

This paper aims to explore the expression of montage technique in space design from the perspective of film lens narration, analyze how montage technique shows the narrative, spirituality and sense of sequence in space with the research methods of literature comparison, theoretical analysis and theoretical practice, and summarize the design experience under this method. This paper first combs and summarizes the development of montage theory, then analyzes the embodiment of the theory in architectural examples, and finally applies the theoretical method to specific design practice. It is found that the film montage narrative and architectural space narrative have the same merits, hoping to summarize the corresponding experience and provide more design perspectives and design references for space design.

In the context of “Healthy China strategy”, community, as a link closely linked to peoples healthy life, has attracted the attention of the whole society, especially the current research on old communities, which has pushed this issue to a climax.Based on the research on the public space of the old community in Kunming city, this paper analyzes the existing problems, the characteristics of peoples behavior and different demands of healthy living environment, connects the public space with the healthy life of residents, and puts forward the optimization and transformation of the old community public space.

Healing landscapes are types of landscape that can improve mood and have a healing effect. Plants are an important element of the landscape and their volatiles have a positive impact on the ecology of the environment and human health. This paper investigates the design of plants for healing landscapes in subtropical climates using questionnaires, structured observations and scene beauty evaluation method. The preference of the evaluators for the healing landscape sample sites was analysed according to the high scores of the SBE (Scene Beauty Evaluation) values. The conclusions are shown as follow: Firstly, experiential healing landscapes that integrate agriculture, commerce, science and popular science across borders have the highest SBE values and are the most popular. Secondly, natural factors, spatial structure, plant formality, plant diversity, plant colour richness and plant hierarchy have an important influence on the evaluation of the beauty of healing landscapes; thirdly, spaces with a strong sense of plant formality but a single plant species are considered more important when compared to spaces with a weak sense of plant formality and a variety of plant species. The data results provide a theoretical basis and design ideas for the design of plants in healing landscapes under subtropical climatic conditions.

Rural environmental remediation and rural landscape construction are one of the important contents of new rural construction. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made important plans to formulate a strategy for rural revitalization and development, with the overall requirements of thriving industries, livable ecology, civilized local culture, efficient management and prosperity. The issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers has always been a fundamental issue concerning the national economy and peoples livelihood. In this paper, from the perspective of productive landscape as the core indicators of rural landscape improvement, the core strategy of rural landscape improvement is proposed to improve the living standards of villagers, so as to explore a suitable implementation path of rural landscape improvement.

Covid 19 is not only a global epidemic that has affected public health, but has also severely affected the global economy and financial markets. Significant declines in income, rising unemployment, and disruption of urban transportation, services, and manufacturing industries are among the consequences of the Covid 19 epidemic. According to an initial forecast by the International Monetary Fund 2020, the global economy has shrunk by about 3％ in 2020. These effects will be greater in developing countries and their metropolises than in developed countries. Therefore, this study is an attempt to explain the problems and consequences of urban economics in the face of the epidemic damage of Covid 19 as well as neglected issues that will be learned from the experience of the consequences of this epidemic in the field of economic geography for managers and the planners of urban economic development. The type of this research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and applied in terms of purpose. The information contained in this research has been collected through library documents and the results have been achieved by analyzing them. The results show that as a result of the Covid 19 epidemic, the urban economy in Iran has suffered from a deep recession, the depth of which depends on the continuation of the disease. Urban economy in Iran from the perspective of urban governance in order to develop and finance the provision of urban services; The revenue side of the municipal budget, as well as the household economy, has suffered the most during the corona outbreak due to rising unemployment. In general, it can be said that most of the effects of Corona in Iran have been on the cities from a geographical point of view, and the economic sectors, especially the service sector, have suffered the most, in a way that recreation, transportation, tourism and services that actually deal with human communities and are influenced by the corona.

At present, it is the period of rapid urbanization in China. The pressure of population growth and the promotion of economic globalization have made our cities unfamiliar and cold under the high-intensity development model. Some old blocks that originally carried the memory of the city are gradually disappearing in the modernization of the city. The backward industrial model and lack of facilities resources have made the original lively neighborhoods gradually lose their competitiveness. How to protect and update the architectural landscape in the context of urbanization using a gentle approach has become an urgent problem to be solved.This article aims to find an effective way to inherit and regenerate the architectural landscape culture of Chongqing’s historical and cultural districts through the relevant research on the architectural landscape design of the Eighteen Ladder Traditional Scenery District. To provide a theoretical basis for the design, it is necessary to actively explore the current situation and performance of architectural landscape design, and deeply dig into the design expression methods of the architectural landscape of the traditional style of the eighteen ladders. On this basis, the analysis of the current situation of architectural landscape design provides a theoretical basis and design strategy for the design and construction of a modern architectural landscape with Chongqing’s regional characteristics and regional cultural connotations. Not only to promote the protection of historical and cultural blocks, but also to improve the aesthetics of the architectural landscape design of historical and cultural blocks.

At the present age that is surely called as Age of Globalization, any country tends to attend more efficiently and strongly with reliance on potential and actual capabilities on the international arena. The world exhibitions are assumed as appropriate platform to display economic, industrial, cultural and artistic power and growth in technology for the countries. Expo is one of the foremost exhibitory events in the world for which the countries take their best effort to exploit from this exhibition and to use the given opportunity by accurate planning more than ever. By proposing this motto (Connecting the minds creating the future), Expo (2020) Dubai is an appropriate location for interaction with the world people in order to prepare a platform for exchange of thoughts and taking a comprehensive and prospection- oriented toward global development. Beside the micro and thematic objectives in this exhibition, holding this world exhibition aims to create human interaction and cultural exchanges to develop human relations, world peace and hope for future as its objective at macro level. Inter alia, Expo is deemed as an unrepeatable opportunity for any nation to introduce their country what it really is and immediately to the world. Enjoying rich history and culture and potential for development and progress, Iran should make its presence more prominent in the world community and in addition to revival of traditions and benefiting from the past and familiarize the world with a proper image of potentials of this land by looking deeply at the future and pave the way for improving international interactions. The current research intends to take a proper step toward realization of the main motto of Expo and improvement of the way of participation compared to past times by means of descriptive method and extensive study on theoretical bases of Persian architecture and through casting deep glance at three categories of culture, tradition and identity from architectural perspective. The findings of this study express the effect and by using three aforesaid elements in designing Iranian pavilion and present some patterns to display architecturally all three elements.

The courtyard of Huizhou ancient dwellings is a part of the traditional architectural space in Huizhou. Due to the influence of environmental space, the courtyard size is small and narrow, but it has complete functions and reasonable layout. It pays attention to the ecological balance between living space and nature, and shows the cultural concept of “Harmony between nature and man”. Based on the survey and actual measurement of landscape features of the courtyards of Huizhou ancient dwellings, this paper describes the design concept of its simple “ecological nature” from aspects of landscape shape characteristics, spatial layout, airport circulation, water feature design, etc. to provide a reference for modern urban landscape design.

This paper explores the contemporary routes that citizens of Chicago have access to historic natural landscape environments. Two ecological nature preserves examined in this historical case study offer windows into an ecological past, equitable to the landscape which preceded the existence of Chicago. One residential home, the Widow Clarke House, a Greek revival style homestead built in 1836, is a tangible remnant of Chicago’s early colonialist settlement. Today it is a celebrated house museum possessing much architectural gravitas and civic pride, signifying supposed credence for foreign occupation of Native American Indian lands. However, it could not have existed without the eight hectares of land which the Clarke’s used for agricultural farming to support themselves and their growing family. This paper explores how the home’s historic landscape has been ignored, suppressed and eliminated from the conservation protocol, which instead primarily focuses on the repair of the home’s architectural fabric and interiors, in lieu of an interpretative restoration of the perimeter enveloping landscape. Furthermore, history surrounding an 1849 Cholera epidemic shall be linked to hardships Caroline’s home would eventually face over the next 122 years (1850~1972), before becoming developed into a bona fide house museum. The difficult conservation narrative the Clarke home and its ‘lost’ landscape traverses will be critically examined in this paper. Vignettes of the past will provide today’s reader with cautionary tales about the erasure of a cultural landscape, agrarian customs, and other traditions. None of these factors have received appropriate consideration for landscape restoration and re-creation, due to too much focus upon architectural primacy—and its ill-assumed supremacy. This paper shall provide plentiful reasons for landscape architects and design professionals to develop a more comprehensive set of criteria to rank and evaluate a wider array of contributing landscape elements worthy of conservation, including the original ecological environment.

As one of the main settlements of Tujia nationality in China, the Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture has created a great many intact Tujia traditional villages with its undulating hills and gullies as well as its relatively closed geographical environment. At present, such kind of Tujia ancient village with rich historical and geographical landscape resources is being violently impacted by tourism development. By setting the typical village of Enshi Prefecture in Hubei China as the research object, this Paper examines the overall landscape of the village landscape resources, and focuses on the significant influence and inter-relationship of tourism development on the village life landscapes, production landscapes and human landscapes. Under the premise of sustainable development, this Paper gives the specific protection significance, status quo, issues and suggestions in respect of the above landscapes and explores from there the way for utilizing and developing the landscape resources of the Tujia traditional villages in Enshi Prefecture.

Tourism provides new opportunities for the development of ancient villages. Meanwhile, in the process of village development, the unsustainable characteristics are gradually emerging. This paper takes the improvement of Pingshan Village tourism format quality as an example to explore the sustainable development of Huizhou Traditional Ancient Village Tourism to achieve a win-win situation between tourism development and ancient village development. Following the sustainable development principle, through on-the-spot investigation, this paper explored tourism format types, spatial distribution characteristics and combination forms of tourism industry, forming basic data, which was analyzed based on the function number theory. The result shows some such problems as unreasonable distribution of business format, serious homogenization, etc have existed. On this basis, the space syntax theory was used to analyze the integration and comprehensibility of the village. The results show that the overall spatial integration of the village is good, but the comprehensibility is low. In the future business format layout, different types of business format should be combined properly, and public service industry format such as museums and exhibition halls should be arranged in Skylight Lane to enhance the settlement identity.

On the one hand, while the modern urban pains like garbage siege, ecological fragmentation and waterlogging push people to the extreme isolation from nature, it makes people more longing for the green hills and blue waters in cities as well. On the other hand, the traditional Chinese culture never treats nature as human’s opposing alien, but regards the two as an inseparable integrity, and only when human’s behavior conforms to natural principle, can he maintain his healthy mental and social development. The waterfront space is an important composition of an ecological city, which plays positive role in upgrading urban ecological civilization and life taste, as well as promoting resident’s mental ecology and emotional exchanges. This paper plans to start from the perspective of healthy consciousness to briefly discuss the planning and design of urban waterfront landscape by integrating the design practices of Wuhan Shahu Park around two dimensions of main healthy functions of waterfront landscape as well as planning factors and design strategies. It aims to upgrade a further understanding to the planning and design methods and their functional values of the modern ecological urban construction and waterfront landscape.

At present, 90％ of the construction of “The Beautiful Countryside” in China is unilaterally led by government, and such project productions as a resource input mechanism result in the low participation of villagers. Some part of the construction as well is in the full charge of external capitals for profits, which does little good to the development of rural collective economy, and to the participation of villagers in rural governance. Based on the above, this paper puts forward that the key point of the construction of “The Beautiful Countryside” is to stimulate the internal vigor of the village, and it further explores the construction strategy and path choice with the public participation as the core. Moreover, the paper clarifies the new relationship among the government, farmers and social forces, and studies the ways how these pluralistic subjects participate in. It proposes to implement the operation path of system first, industrial security, up-to-date design and landing practice on the basis of construction model of the GSP comprehensive cooperative. New comprehensive “participation” design, “mutual aid” construction methods, and such ideas as “featured design”, “moderate design” and “subtraction design” have been applied into the experiments carried out in Wanxiu Village and Zhangyuan Village located in Liangzi Lake, Hubei Province, so as to explore new ways of endogenous model suitable for rural development in China.

As the important corridor of Buddhism from the western region to the central plains, Shanxi has a profound history. Shanxi Province is covered with numerous temple mural paintings. The murals of the Manjusri temple of Yanshan temple in the north of Shanxi are the representative murals of the Jin dynasty. In the study of the mural, the Predecessor fails to pay attention to the aesthetic value of the landscape, and its role in the construction of plot and scene. The landscape of the temple is closely combined with Buddhist figures and palace buildings. The scene is magnificent and detailed, showing the picture of the unity of heaven and man. The comprehensive study found that the landscape of the mural painting is not only comprehensive in drawing techniques, but also in the pursuit of the objective realism of the courtyard painting in the northern song dynasty. At the same time, the scenery of the landscape is very decorative and reflects the revival of the green and green mountains and rivers in the Jin dynasty in the middle of the northern song dynasty. Therefore, it shows the important historical position of Jin dynasty in the history of Chinese landscape painting.

With the further development of new urbanization in China, The protection and development of ancient villages are facing new challenges. Green landscape building is an effective way to realize the sustainable development of ancient villages. It plays an important role in improving the human environment of ancient villages and supplementing the natural ecological environment. This study first analyzed the role of green landscape building in ancient villages, and then focused on the problems and solutions of green landscape building in the sustainable development of ancient villages. Renewal of its technical method system, create a diversified and adaptable new model of green landscape building in ethnic areas, to ensure the sustainable development of ancient villages. The challenges and priorities facing building professionals, researchers and green landscape certification systems of ancient villages are discussed for the creation of more comfortable, higher performing and healthier green landscape buildings.

The pottery craftsmanship of traditional wood fired dragon kilns in Ningguo is an intangible cultural heritage of Anhui Province. The craftsmanship for garden landscape pottery fired in the kilns is inherited orderly and is unique, and is an important representative of living dragon kiln culture in China. By starting with the origin of the garden landscape pottery craftsmanship of traditional wood fired dragon kiln in Anhui Province and by fanning out from point to area, this paper makes an attempt to find the cultural spirit, craft language and context in the craftsmanship of pottery made by wood fired dragon kilns in Ningguo, Anhui Province, which has been inherited up to now, and explores the path and method of inheritance and innovation, in order to provide a reference for sustainable development of the ancient traditional pottery craftsmanship and traditional folk kiln resources.

Search for traditional culture and find the way for future development (“LOOK PAST FOR FUTURE”). In order to clarify the direction of future design, this paper conducted investigation in such four aspects as of harmony between nature and man, exhausting the meaning through images, simplicity and elegance in harmony and carving with great care by taking the Huizhou culture in traditional culture as the starting point, and taking the important material carrier of Huizhou culture — Huizhou brick carving as the breakthrough in the hope to find out the combination point of Huizhou brick carving and modern market, and open up a road to sustainable development of Huizhou brick carving.

China embraces both a vast territory and abundant landforms, with a mountainous region accounting for 69％ of its total area. Being a kind of architecture constructed based on the natural and unique beautiful landforms of China, the mountainous architecture reflects people’s love of nature, the expectation of integrating into and harmonizing with nature as well as the inner sincerity for returning to nature. The space pattern of the architecture in the environment is what reflects best the earths landscape. Such a reflection lies in the following aspects: the first is the focus of the planning layout on the utilization of the natural environment as well as the formation of the casual atmosphere; the second is the pursuit of the silent fusion, or the pursuit of artistic conception, between the landscapes through the appearance of the architecture; and finally comes the harmony between the architecture and the local culture, or a penetration into and exploration of the local culture, which fuses the architecture into the land and into the historical vicissitudes. This is also the objective for the design of the public architecture, which means to satisfy the human needs and achieve sensory enjoyment as well as highlight the culture inheritance, only by such kind of design, can a new ecological landscape with emotions be alive.

Urban expansion is a human induced phenomenon with inherent effects on the environment. The aim of this study was to examine agricultural land loss and its effect on crop yield in the study area. Two methods of data collection were applied in this research. The first was geospatial technology used to obtain Land use/Land cover and to check the rate of urban expansion. The land-sat image of Ankpa was acquired for three different years of 1987, 2001 and 2016 with the aid of Idrisi Andes land use change modeler and Arc GIS 9.3 used to generate the statistics to show change over the period of 29 years of study. The second data was on crop yield obtained from Kogi Agricultural Development Project. The study revealed that land use and land cover of the study area had undergone considerable changes over the period examined. Built-up areas had expanded significantly during the twenty-nine years period under review. Agricultural lands, vegetation and bare surface declined due to the growths in population and physical developments. The trend analysis of farmland from 1995 to 2016 showed a decreasing pattern. The study therefore recommended the need for government to control urban development from spreading to agriculture land as this would have serious repercussion on food production.

The purpose of this paper is to point out some important elements of Tiranas change of apartment during the second half of the 20th century. Focusing on the type of traditional dwelling on the outskirts of Tirana, it should be noted that the basic characteristic of this province is the type of dwelling with a fire house in the center along the two floors, which is also referred to as Tirana dwellings due to the large spread that has taken. Referring to the changes after the 50s of the 20th century, we see that we have a complete transformation of the apartment, from the architecture of construction, positioning and furnishing. In this paper I will try to give some features that are directly related to the transformations that have been made to the Tirana apartment, especially the rural areas.

In this paper, we aim to show how to generalization of the Direct and Invers problem on triaxial ellipsoid. When we look at the studies related to the subject, it seems that the solution of the direct and invers geodetic problems with geographical coordinates on the triaxial ellipsoid is very difficult. In order to overcome this difficulty, in this work, we made the direct and invers problem with Cartesian coordinates instead of geographical coordinates. We will also use slope length that directly connects two points instead of the geodesic curve length. We think that our choice is also meaningful at the same time. This is because the geodesic curve lengths cannot be measured with the measuring instruments and cannot be applied to the ground, while the slope lengths can easily be measured with modern measuring instruments and can applied to the surface. In addition to we will see how to solve the conversion between the geographical coordinates with Cartesian coordinates or vice versa on triaxial ellipsoid.