A password-based door lock security system was constructed. The work is a prototype of a working model of a security door lock that is password protected built with an Arduino board. It operates by sending control signals through the Arduino that controls the opening and closing of an illustrative door connected to a servo motor. Accessing and changing various information and settings are done through an electronic and embedded system that allows the user to enter secret pass codes through a 4×4 keypad and a 16×2 LCD display. Once the circuit is plugged to the mains supply, LCD displays the different menu functions and waits for input data from the keypad, the door slides open and close when a valid pass code is entered. The work was designed, developed, tested and found to perform according to design objectives. This work stands not to be the best that can be realized as several modifications and improvements can be incorporated into the design, thus, it is recommended that a PC interface should be incorporated to monitor and control the door unit in real time through a logging system and also a motion sensor should be incorporated to automatically sense presence at the door unit and prompt for password.

We have investigated the structural, electronic, elastic, mechanical, thermodynamic, and phonon properties of RhVSi half Heusler alloy in this work. The alloy obeys the Slater-Pauling rule. It is a face-centered cubic C1b structure. It exhibits a lattice parameter of 5.71 eV and a narrow indirect bandgap of 0.285 eV, making it attractive as an absorber in solar systems. The alloys have 18-valence electrons, and they obey the Slater-Pauling rule. The negative formation energy of 0.33 shows that experimental simulation is possible; it also confirms the structures stability. The elastic properties obey the stability criteria set by Born and Huang and are, therefore, stable. We analyzed the alloys mechanical strength, and it proves to be a superhard material with a Vickers hardness of 60.266 GPa. The Debye temperature of 408.375 K shows that the compound is hard and possesses a large wave velocity (3421.230 m/s) and will have high thermal conductivity. From investigations on the phonon properties using a 4 x 4 x 4 supercell to facilitate convergence, there are no negative frequencies; hence, we submit that the RhVSi half Heusler semiconductor is dynamically stable and can be simulated experimentally.

This research work is aimed at constructing a control system that enables the complete control of multiple home and office appliances using android device with the help of Bluetooth technology. The development of this system is categorized into hardware and software. The hardware development involves all the components that make up the system and their various interconnections. The software involves the writing of the program in C programming language which was used to control the hardware. The system is based on embedded technology and can act as a security guard of the home. It functioned satisfactorily when subjected to test and met the objectives of the research work. This work gives basic idea of how to control various home appliances using Smart phone. This work is based on Android. So, the overall implementation cost is very cheap and it is affordable by a common person. In the future, sensors should be incorporated so that it can monitor some surrounding conditions around the house and also the communication can be improved by using internet web-based technology.

This paper investigates the effects of coupling agent and volume fraction on the flexural properties of coir-plantain hybrid fibers reinforced polyester resin composite materials. The retting process required to mechanically extract the coir and plantain fibers from the foliage of locally available coconut husks, plantain empty fruit bunch and plantain pseudo stem fruit was carried out. The problem of poor adhesion between fiber and matrix associated with natural-fiber reinforced composites is being worked. Hence, in this study, specific percentage (5％) of aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and different percentages (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 ％ w/v) of coupling agent were administered for surface modification of the fibers. Coir/plantain empty fruit bunch (CEFB) hybrid fibers and coir/plantain pseudo stem (CPS) hybrid fibers were separately used as reinforcement for coir/plantain hybrid fibers reinforced polyester resin composites. The level of compactibility between hybrid fiber and matrix were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM); hence the flexural properties of coir/plantain hybrid fibers reinforced polyester composite materials at three different control factors of the hybrid fibers were investigated. Applying Taguchi robust design technique for the greater-the-better, the highest signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio) for the quality characteristics being investigated was obtained employing Minitab 17. At the optimum setting of control factors, the flexural strength of CEFB hybrid fiber reinforced polyester composite is 97,16 N/mm2 while that of CPS hybrid fiber reinforced polyester composite is 71.78 N/mm2.

The electrodeposition of Manganese doped Cadmuim Oxide (CdMnO2) thin films on conducting Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) glass was done successfully at room temperature of 302 K at varying time of deposition. The grown films were subjected to optical, crystal structure surface structural and compositional characterization to determine their properties and possible applications. The results revealed that absorbances of the films were high in VIS region but decreases towards the NIR region. Transmittance of the films is low in VIS region but increases towards the NIR region. The deposited films have optical band gap energies range from 2.80 eV to 3.85 eV. The deposited films have low reflectance and refractive index obtained ranged from 2.64 to 1.01. Average optical thickness of the deposited films revealed that the films have optical depth between 1.35 µm and 0.05 µm. X – ray diffraction result of the films obtained confirm that the films are of CdO with cubic crystal structure. Crystallite sizes of the films deposited range from 28.54 nm to 97.05 nm. The average microscopic particle sizes of the films were analyzed using ImageJ and values obtained range between 2.98 nm and 33.81 nm. Thickness of the films obtained in atom / cm2 ranges from 2,02 x 1018 atom/cm2 to 3.22 x 1018 atom/cm2.

Recycling of aged and distressed asphalt concrete pavement could be considered as an acceptable sustainable issue to reserve the pavement properties and extend its service life. In the present investigation, asphalt cement was subjected to aging in the laboratory, then recycled with polyethylene and crumb rubber. Asphalt concrete specimens were prepared using the recycled binder. Specimens were subjected to repeated indirect tensile stresses and repeated punching shear stresses using the pneumatic repeated load system PRLS at 25°C. After 1200 load repetitions, the loading was terminated, and the specimens have practiced microcrack healing by external heating for two hours at 60°C. Specimens were subjected to another loading cycle of 1200 load repetitions under tensile or shear stresses. The deformation of the specimens was monitored through a continuous video capture. It was concluded that the permanent deformation value under repeated punching shear stresses and repeated indirect tensile stresses decreased after healing by (9.5, 42.5 and 78.3) ％ and (51, 50, and 46.2) ％ at asphalt content of (4.8, 5.3 and 5.8) ％ respectively as compared to the case before healing. Permanent deformation decreases by (40.6, 44, and 16.6) ％ and (14.1, 10.5, and 30) ％ for (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) ％ of crumb rubber content at optimum asphalt content under repeated punching shear and ITS respectively, while the permanent deformation decreases by (42.4, 42.5, and 32.8) ％ and (2.6, 11.5, and 6.7) ％ for (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) ％ of Polyethylene content at optimum asphalt content under repeated punching shear and ITS respectively.

Aluminum alloys are gaining more ground as first choice materials, especially in the transportation industry where a high strength to weight ratio is of premium importance. 3004 aluminum alloy is one of the most used non-heat treatable alloys which are employed in many industries (aeronautic, aerospace, blades, discs, rings, airframes…etc.), due to its attractive mechanical properties. In this work, the mechanical parameters of 3004 aluminum alloy i.e hardness coefficients (the total hardness, hardness of GNDs and hardness of SSDs) in addition to the microstructural parameters (mean crystallite size, micro strain and dislocation density) were determined from Vickers hardness measurement by using novel methods. The flow stress and stored energy were also highlighted.

Microcracking of rigid pavement usually occurs due to the shrinkage of concrete after casting or throughout its service life due to repeated compressive, tensile, and shear stress. Such cracking exhibit a durability problem since the ingress of moisture and harmful chemicals such as sulphates and chlorides into the concrete through the cracks can cause premature matrix degradation and corrosion of embedded steel reinforcement, which may result in the decrement of strength and life. Implementations of self-healing techniques are adopted by spraying bacteria and healing agent on concrete surface to precipitate CaCo3 on the formed micro-cracks. The precipitation of calcite by continuous hydration of cement helps in production of calcium carbonate precipitation with the help of bacteria. In this work, a soil bacterium named Bacillus subtilis was cultured in the laboratory, the concentration of bacteria cell of B. subtilits in normal saline (NaCl, 9 g/l) suspension was 106 cell/ml. Concrete specimens of various type (cube of 100x100x100 mm, cylinder of 100mm diameter and 200mm height, and beam of 100 x 100 x 500 mm) size have been prepared in the laboratory, then separated to three sets. The first set of specimens were subjected to controlled compression and flexure pre-cracking, and then subjected to healing and curing in a water bath which contains the prementioned bacteria at 20°C for 7 days for healing and curing. The second set was the control specimens cured in water bath for 7 and 28 days at 20°C. The third set of specimens were subjected to healing and curing in a water bath which contains the prementioned bacteria at 20°C for 7 and 28 days and then tested for compressive, indirect tensile, and flexure properties. Control specimens were also prepared and tested for comparison. It was observed that the healing process provided by the bacteria have improved the overall properties of concrete by (23, 10.7 and 16) ％ for compressive, tensile and flexure strength respectively as compared to those of control mixture after 28 days of curing. On the other hand, specimens subjected to controlled pre-cracking exhibit improvement in strength properties after the healing process provided by the bacteria by (28 and 33) ％ for compressive and flexure strength respectively as compared to those of control mixture after 7 days of curing. It was concluded that implementation of the healing concept of cracking with the aid of bacteria is beneficial and can be considered as sustainable and environment friendly solution for maintenance.

This work aims to study the effect of deformation on the natural aging of the heat treatable 6063Al-alloy. The influence of deformation on the aged samples was established by studying the aging behavior of 3 different aged samples; one non-deformed sample, and two samples deformed at 5％ and 30％ degree of deformation. This study was performed using the positron annihilation technique (PAT) as non-destructive nuclear technique, which clearly distinguished and described the aging behavior at different degrees of deformation. The effect of deformation on the natural aged 6063 Al-alloy samples was also studied by Vickers micro-hardness test. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements and analysis using Materials Analysis Using Diffraction (MAUD) program helped in detecting the crystallite size, micro-strain, lattice parameter, and dislocation density as a function of the natural aging time for the three different samples.

An experimental investigation on the use of palm oil shell (PKS) as partial replacement by wt. ％ of crushed aggregate has been evaluated. A mix ratio of 1: 1.5: 3 with a cement content of 382 kg/m3, and water-cement (w/c) ratio of 0.55, was used for concrete specimen. Four concrete mixes labeled M-00 to M-30, at replacement intervals of 10 ％, were used to fabricate concrete specimens that were cured above the conventional age of 28 days (i.e. up to 90 days), before testing. The microstructure results showed that PKS used had acceptable qualities within the specified limits of lightweight aggregate, and both the workability and compressive strength of the PKS-concrete decreased as the percentage replacement was increased. It was observed that curing above the conventional age of 28 days, additional improved the strength of the concrete specimens. The optimum replacement level was at 10 ％., and a linear regression model that was significant with good correlations of the statistical data was developed.

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Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate/Mineralized Collagen for Bone Tissue Engineering: In Vitro Release and In Vivo Bone Regeneration Studies. J. Biomater. Tissue Eng. 2015, 5, 267-274. [75] He, H.; Li, W.; Su, J.; Wang, H.; Ye, Z.; Cai, M.; Hou, B.; Liang, C.; Gong, J.; Guo, Y. In Vitro Evaluation of the Cytocompatibility of an Acellular Rat Brain Matrix Scaffold with Neural Stem Cells” J. Biomater. Tissue Eng. 2015, 5, 628-634.

The trend nowadays is to reduce the consumption of energy and reserve natural resources. Using Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) is considered as an economical and environmental friendly process. This work assesses the prospects of using liquid asphalt (cutback and emulsion) as rejuvenation agent for pavement recycling. Asphalt concrete mixture obtained from site as rubblized binder course was tested for its existing physical properties, then rejuvenated with medium curing cutback or cationic emulsion. Specimens have been prepared from the rejuvenated mixture and tested for Marshall Properties, temperature susceptibility, and moisture damage. Test results were compared with those of aged mixture. It was concluded that the temperature susceptibility decreases by (9 and 24) ％ for cutback and emulsion treated mixtures as compared to added mix. Marshall Stability decreases by (11 and 15.5) ％ while the tensile strength ratio increases by (23 and 28) ％ for cutback and emulsion treated mixtures as compared to added mix. The bulk density increases by (1.8 and 1.1) ％ while the total volume of voids decreases by (6.5 and 5.3) ％ for cutback and emulsion treated mixtures as compared to added mix. The indirect tensile strength at 25 °C is lower than that of aged mixture by (11 and 21.5) ％ for cutback and emulsion treated mixtures respectively.

The purposes of this study are to determine the effects of CNTs on Microstructure and wear Fracture for Crystalline Ni-P-CNTs Composite Coatings after Wear. Crystalline Ni-P-CNTs composite coatings were prepared via brush electroplating technology. Then wear tests for the coatings were carried out. The deformation of the microstructures in the coatings after wear was analyzed by TEM. The results showed that loads make mainly a dislocation movement and proliferation that causes dislocation configuration changes in crystalline Ni-P/CNTs composite coating. As the applied load increases, the dislocation configuration changes from dislocation tangles to the formation of cell, again to cell deformation. Abrasive debris was collected for SEM observation which is helpful to understand the microscopic mechanism of wear crack nucleation and propagation. Fracture modes for the debris in crystalline Ni-P/CNTs composite coating are micro-plastic deformation intergranular, cleavage and quasi-cleavage. Fracture characteristics on the abrasive debris are cleavage steps, micro-cutting stripes, grain groups and torn edges. Crack nucleation sites for the debris generally are inter-granular defects, such as dislocation piles and cell walls, and grain boundaries. The crack propagation paths are cleavage planes and grain boundaries.

ZnTiO3 was synthesized by employing the solid state reaction between ZnO and TiO2 powders mixed in the 1:1 molar ratio. The dielectric properties such as dielectric constant (εr) and dielectric loss (tan δ) have been studied in the frequency range 200 Hz to 5MHz by varying the temperature from 40oC to 400oC in steps of 10oC. High value of dielectric constant ~ 50 is observed which can be suitable for high charge storage capacitor applications. The optical properties were also studied using FTIR and UV-Visible Spectra. The band gap was calculated from UV-Visible Spectra.

The present paper reports the preparation and characterization of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide modified local clay material (TBAB-Clay) and its application as potential adsorbent material for Crystal Violet dye removal from aqueous solution. Major mineral phases, identified by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), were illite and kaolinite, in addition to quartz and calcite as impurities. Characterization of the material was supplemented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The kinetics of the adsorption process was studied using two models: pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order. Experimental data were best fitted with pseudo-second-order model. Three isotherm models namely Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) were used to describe the adsorption process. The inclusion of non-linear regression analysis suggested the Langmuir model best described the adsorption process. The Langmuir isotherm predicted the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.54 mg g-1 while the D-R isotherm suggested a physisorption process with a free energy value of 0.708 kJ mol-1. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that this modified clay material is a promising adsorbent for the removal of Crystal Violet dye from aqueous solution.

The dependences of the light absorption coefficient in the film structures Bi₂Tе_2.5Se_0.5 on the photon energy have been experimentally studied. It is shown that the profiles of the distribution of selenium atoms over the thickness of the surface layer of unannealed and depleted thin Bi₂Tе_2.5Se_0.5 films. It is also shown that the release of selenium during heat treatment is due to the relatively high vapor pressure of selenium in a three-component semiconductor compound. As a result of work are received Si -Bi₂Те_3-хSe_х heterojunctions in thin-film execution, described by high values of differential resistance. Results of researches show, that the structures Bi₂Tе_2.5Se_0.5 received by a method of discrete thermal evaporation in a uniform work cycle, are suitable for use in low-voltage devices.

The resilient behavior of asphalt stabilized soil under repeated loading in terms of the change in the potential of deformation and shear failure was investigated in this work. Asphalt stabilized soil specimens of 100mm diameter and 70mm height and 152mm diameter with 127mm height have been prepared in the laboratory and compacted to a target density at optimum asphalt requirement and at 0.5％ of asphalt above and below the optimum. Specimens were tested for deformation and resilient modulus under repeated shear stress. The deformation of the specimens has been captured along the load repetition process with the aid of linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) under controlled stress and environmental conditions in the pneumatic repeated load system (PRLS) until failure. For large size specimens tested under single punch shear stress, the resilient deformation decreases by (70, 51, and 47) ％ as compared with pure soil at fluid content equals to (15.5, 16, and 16.5) ％ respectively after 1200 load repetitions. For small size specimens tested under double punching shear test after thirty and eight days curing, the resilient modulus increased by (442, 362, and 216) ％ for fluid content equals to (15.5, 16, and 16.5) ％ respectively after load repetitions equal to 1200. Data of the two testing techniques regarding resilient deformation rate under single and double punching shear stress was analyzed and compared. It was concluded that eight days curing and double punch shear testing are reported as the optimum time and test technique for enhancing proper resilient modulus. Asphalt stabilization exhibit positive impact on resilient modulus, it increases Mr by a range of (600, 700, and 100) ％ for double punch at 30 and 8 days curing and single punch at 8 days curing after the addition of cutback asphalt as compared with natural soil.

In this study, silk fabric was dyed with aloe veras skin, a process that may pose environmental risks where dyeing process was done without Mordanting. Aloe veras skin was used as the source of natural dyes (both in liquid form and powder form). Extracted dyes were applied on 100％ scoured & bleached silk fabric in two different methods. One is dry method (dyes are in powder form) and another is liquid method (dyes are in solution form). In dry method 5％, 10％, 15％ and 20％ shade were applied on silk fabric and in liquid method we made the juice 20％, 30％, 40％ and 50％ applied on silk fabric. The colour strength (K ⁄ S), light, washing and rubbing fastness levels of the dyed fabrics were investigated. The samples dyeing with the above recipe showed superior rubbing fastness, wash fastness and light fastness with a standard colour yield. The most important point is that two colors (one is golden yellow and another one is green) were found by using aloe veras skin. Although every natural dyes gives only one color but here we have successfully found two colors. Finally dyeing of silk with natural dyes from waste aloe veras skin could be a sustainable and economical substitute for synthetic dyeing.

The evaluation of the mechanical strengths of gum Arabic concrete (GAC) have been carried out. This was done using dosage levels of GA, 0.00 ％ (control) to 1.00 ％ as admixture, cement content of 420 kg/m3, and water-cement ratio of 0.5, to produce cement pastes and concrete specimens that were cured for 90 days in water. Results on the soundness, compressive and flexural strengths showed positive indicators for the use of GA as an admixture. An optimum dosage of 0.50 ％ by weight of cement was achieved. Linear regression models of Natural Log and Square Root, best described the experimental data, and parameters of interest were very significant. Response surfaces were developed showing the various levels of interactions of compressive and flexural strengths with the mix parameters.

Healing of micro cracks in asphalt concrete may be considered as a sustainability measure of flexible pavement. An attempt has been made in this work to investigate the impact of cyclic crack healing process on tensile and shear behaviour. Asphalt concrete specimens of 100 mm diameter and 63 mm height have been prepared in the laboratory using Marshall Compaction procedure at optimum asphalt content and at 0.5％ asphalt above and below the optimum. Specimens were divided into two groups. The first group was subjected to repeated indirect tensile stresses, while the second group was subjected to repeated double punch shear stresses, (both at 25 °C) to initiate micro cracks within the specimen’s structure using controlled stress mode of loading for 0.1 second followed by a rest period of 0.9 seconds for specified load cycles. Specimens were then subjected to external heating process in an oven at 60° C and allowed to heal for two hours, conditioned at 25° C for two hours, then subjected to another two successive courses of healing and repeated tensile or shear stresses. The indirect tensile strength and the double punching shear strength test procedures have been implemented to evaluate the resistance of the specimens to shear and tensile stresses after each repeated loading and each healing cycle. The impact of asphalt content, and healing cycles on the strength behaviour have been analysed as a sustainability measures. It was concluded that healing process have reasonably retained (21, 82, and 65) ％ of the (ITS) and (23, 24, and 44) ％ of the (PSS) after the crack healing cycle of load repetitions for mixes with (4.4, 4.9, 5.4) ％ asphalt content respectively. The impact of asphalt content was not significant among the various testing conditions implemented for tensile strength determination, while optimum asphalt content exhibit the best performance among other asphalt percentages at the various testing conditions implemented for shear strength determination.

Information is provided on the application of statistical methods for managing the quality of products when painting building products and structures. It is shown, that the quality of the finish depends on the method of applying the paint, the porosity of the cement substrate. For coatings based on all types of paints the minimum roughness value of the coating surface and the minimum value of the risk are typical in the case of applying paints to the putty surface, regardless of the method of application. Offered to organizations, firms, engaged in the execution of finishing works, the introduction of the kaizen approach to the renewal of staining technology, based on continuous improvement of activities and providing for the use of statistical methods for managing the quality of products. Information on the effect on the longevity of coatings of the quality of their appearance is given. It is shown, that coatings with a high roughness index are characterized by low durability during exploitation. A model of the cohesive strength of coatings is presented, depending on the surface roughness.